When your body gets the signal that you've eaten,
beta cells in your pancreas produce insulin, which is what tells your cells absorb glucose.
Type 1 diabetes is a chronic autoimmune disease that develops when the immune system mistakenly attacks its
own cells in the pancreas (called beta cells).
A recent study found that the insulin - producing
cells in the pancreas don't appear to work as well in people who eat two or more servings of fish a week.
In type 1 diabetes, why does the immune system begin to attack beta cells and not
other cells in the pancreas or in other organs or tissues?
When your body gets the signal that you've eaten,
beta cells in your pancreas produce insulin, a hormone that tells your cells to absorb glucose to use as fuel.
This is in contrast to diabetes mellitus type 1, in which there is an absolute insulin deficiency due to destruction of
islet cells in the pancreas.
In an online issue of Cancer Discovery, the scientists described the molecular steps necessary for
acinar cells in the pancreas — the cells that release digestive enzymes — to become precancerous lesions.
Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, often referred to as «islet cell tumors» are a type of cancer that arises from hormone -
releasing cells in the pancreas.
One study even suggests it's possible to reprogram cells inside an animal's body, in this case changing
exocrine cells in the pancreas into insulin - producing beta cells that might be used in diabetes treatments.
Since the late 1990s, researchers have been trying — and mostly failing — to accomplish this in type 1 diabetes, an immune disease that
destroys cells in the pancreas that make insulin and that mostly strikes children.
Four years ago, the research team of Pedro Herrera (University of Geneva) first cast doubt on this assumption when they demonstrated that a few
alpha cells in the pancreas of genetically modified diabetic mice changed into beta cells.
A new study by researchers at Sanford - Burnham Medical Research Institute (Sanford - Burnham) has found that a peptide called caerulein can convert existing
cells in the pancreas into those cells destroyed in type 1 diabetes insulin - producing beta cells.
Finally, analyses of transcriptomic data revealed increased FGF2 expression in ductal, endothelial, and stellate
cells in pancreas from T2D patients, whereas FGFR1, SOX, 9 and HES1 expression increased in islets from T2D patients.
This is a faint echo of what happens inside the body of someone developing diabetes: Their T cells are activated
against cells in the pancreas much as they would be against a foreign invader, like a virus.
Now, researchers have discovered that
non-beta cells in the pancreas can be transformed into insulin - producing cells, merely by exposing them to a growth factor called BMP - 7.
«Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors — pancreatic NETs, pNETs or islet cell tumors — are tumors that form from the abnormal growth of
neuroendocrine cells in the pancreas,» says lead author Hala Elnakat Thomas, PhD, research assistant professor in the Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, and member of the Cincinnati Cancer Consortium and UC Cancer Institute's Pancreatic Cancer Center.
Evidence isn't available showing whether the juice fasting Jobs reportedly tried accelerated the spread of
cancer cells in his pancreas, and possibly other organs, but Abrams notes that he rarely recommends juicing to the cancer patients he counsels.
1) The discovery that pancreatic beta cells, which produce insulin, have the ability to be regenerated from stem cells or
ductal cells in the pancreas, indicating that one potential treatment for type 1 diabetes is to stimulate beta cells to regrow even after many years of living with diabetes
When glucose levels in the blood rise after a meal, the beta
cells in the pancreas move insulin out into the bloodstream to drive the glucose into the cells so it can be put to work either as an immediate source of energy or converted to glycogen (a stored energy source), or to fat.
Causes Of Canine Diabetes Diabetes in dogs is caused
when cells in the pancreas stop producing enough insulin, or if cells in other body tissues become resistant to the action of insulin.
The endocrine system includes the adrenal glands, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, pituitary gland and
specialized cells in the pancreas called the Islets of Langerhans.
The changes, produced through a process called methylation, were found to have altered the activity of 642 genes associated with the production of insulin by
islet cells in the pancreas.
Beta
cells in the pancreas make and secrete insulin to ferry any glucose you don't use to muscle, fat, and liver cells for storage.
As such, scientists hypothesise that cathelicidins may be involved in the control of type 1 diabetes, an autoimmune disease where certain cells in the immune system attack beta
cells in the pancreas which secrete insulin.
The study, published online today in The Journal of Cell Biology, maps how inflammation pushes
acinar cells in the pancreas — those that produce digestive enzymes — to transform into duct - like cells.
The most intriguing mutant type of mice were unusually thin; they generated more active osteocalcin, secreted more insulin, and produced many times more of the insulin -
releasing cells in the pancreas.
In 2008, he transformed
exocrine cells in the pancreas, which produce enzymes to help digest food, into insulin - producing endocrine cells in a mouse.