The phrase
"cytoplasmic domain" refers to a section or part of a cell's membrane protein that is located inside the cell, specifically in the cytoplasm. It plays a crucial role in various cellular processes by transmitting signals and interacting with other molecules within the cell.
Full definition
The group first transduced a CD4ζ construct (CD4 extracellular and transmembrane domains fused with
cytoplasmic domain of TCR CD3ζ chain linked to GFP — See Figure) into hESCs and hiPSCs using the Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon system and positive clones selected for by antibiotic resistance, giving clones with strong CD4ζ - GFP expression (37).
Wang, H, Gai, Q, Yang, X, Li, Z, Linders, B, Santoro, S, Zutter, M. Role of the a1 and a2 integrin
cytoplasmic domains in cell morphology, motility and responsiveness to stimulation by the protein kinase C pathway.
A major mechanism for modulation is alternative RNA splicing resulting in N - CAM's with
different cytoplasmic domains that differentially interact with the cell membrane.
Quantitative measurment of alpha6beta 1 and alpha6beta 4 integrin internalization under cross-linking conditions: a possible role for
alpha6 cytoplasmic domains.
(A) Eph receptor - ephrin binding at cell - cell contact sites results in the dimerization / clustering of Eph receptor - ephrin complexes, and initiation of canonical signals through the
receptor cytoplasmic domain.
Cytoplasmic domains of members of the p24 family of putative cargo receptors were shown to bind to coatomer, the coat protein of COPI - coated transport vesicles.
Now Yuan et al. (p. 182, published online 27 May; see the Perspective Weyand and Iwata) have determined the crystal structure of
the cytoplasmic domain of the human BK channel.
Although different in their membrane - associated and
cytoplasmic domains, the amino acid sequences of the three polypeptides appear to be identical throughout this extracellular region (682 amino acids) where the binding site is located.
Chen et al. report that retaining
the cytoplasmic domain of Env proteins may be important to attract bNAbs.
Removing
the cytoplasmic domain may distract the immune response and instead generate antibodies that target epitopes on Env that would not lead to protection.
Increased levels of
the cytoplasmic domain of Crumbs repolarise developing Drosophila photoreceptors.
Characterization of phosphorylation sites in
the cytoplasmic domain of the 300 kDa mannose -6-phosphate receptor
Importantly, spreading and migration do not occur with cells expressing NG2 variants lacking
the cytoplasmic domain of the proteoglycan, suggesting that interaction of NG2 with cytoplasmic ligands is required for these processes to take place.
Binding to the Eph receptors can also cause the ephrins, which have
a cytoplasmic domain or a GPI - anchor, to transmit signals.