Using a 3D atmospheric model, the researchers separated the effect of the chemicals from those of weather and volcanic emissions, which can
also destroy ozone.
After uncovering the truth about a government program that will
destroy the ozone layer, they must find a way to save humanity and all of nature!
But in 1987, the world got together and passed the Montreal Protocol, which banned CFCs and replaced them with HCFCs and HFCs, which do
n't destroy the ozone layer.
An eerie «polar stratospheric cloud,»
which destroys ozone at a rapid rate, hangs above Kiruna, Sweden, in January 2000.
To its direct toxic effects, it could have also increased surface UV levels
by destroying ozone (methane can also do this.)
Surface - catalyzed reactions on PSC particles generate chlorine compounds that photolyze readily to yield chlorine radicals, which in
turn destroy ozone very efficiently.
Overall levels of ozone - harming gases are still lower than before the ban, but since some disintegrate slowly, they'll continue
destroying ozone for decades to come, Laube says.
They found that water vapour and chlorine and bromine from vaporised sea salts would
destroy ozone high in Earth's atmosphere at a much faster rate than it is naturally created (Earth and Planetary Science Letters, DOI: 10.1016 / j.epsl.2010.08.036).
It has since been proved, says Dr. Golubchikov, that chlorine - containing Freon - 12
destroys ozone only in laboratory conditions whereas in the atmosphere, it interacts with hydrogen and falls back to Earth as acid rain before it can harm ozone.
Bromine destroys ozone 50 times more efficiently than chlorine, the most infamous player in ozone destruction.
Thirty years ago, the Montreal Protocol was agreed to phase - out
chemicals destroying the ozone layer, the UV - radiation shield in the Earth's stratosphere.
Bad news for life near Proxima Centauri — the star has been seen emitting explosive blasts of radiation that would
destroy the ozone on its Earth - like planet
Once in the atmosphere, the water, together with compounds containing chlorine and bromine from vaporised sea salts,
destroyed ozone above the Earth's atmosphere at a much faster rate than it is naturally created.
But to the surprise of chemists, the gases seeped into the stratosphere and
destroyed the ozone there to create the Antarctic ozone hole.
For example, they say, injecting sulfate particles into the atmosphere would
largely destroy the ozone layer over the Arctic and set back attempts to mend the «hole» that appears seasonally over the Antarctic.
Concern that aircraft crossing this
boundary destroy ozone dates back more than two decades to the construction of the first Concordes, which cruise at around 16.5 kilometres (55 000 feet).
NO (known to
destroy ozone quite eagerly) is a free radical that breaks the O::O doubble bond, an so does also Atomic chlorine known from the Japanese Freon - argument.
Their measurements, focusing on a time period in September each year — during which time the colder temperatures in the atmosphere promote the reactions that
destroy ozone so that the hole is opening up — show that since 2000, the hole has shrunk by 1.7 million square miles, an area more than half the size of the continental United States.
Farman et al. (1985); Susan Solomon and, independently, Michael McElroy and Steven Wofsky explained that the unexpected
factor destroying ozone was catalysis on the surface of ice crystals in high clouds.
Nurtured by environmental hysteria and the determination to show all changes in the natural world are due to human activity, the claim CFCs were
destroying ozone jumped directly from an unproven hypothesis to a scientific fact.
Every day the SRM spraying continues causes an
exponentially destroyed ozone layer, an increased arctic methane release, and brings forward the 2030 deadline.
These molecules also react with chlorine containing gases, converting them into forms that
destroy ozone as well.
HCFCs will eventually be replaced by substances called hydrofluorocarbons or HFCs, which do
not destroy ozone at all.
Bromine atoms released from bromine - containing compounds that reach the stratosphere
also destroy ozone by a similar mechanism.
By destroying ozone (itself a greenhouse gas) in the stratosphere, CFCs also affect the climate indirectly in ways that are still not fully understood.
Once water vapor gets into the normally dry stratosphere, it can in theory interact with manmade chlorine compounds known as chlorofluorocarbons, or CFC's, to
destroy ozone molecules.
Bromine, the ozone - depleting element found in methyl bromide, is nearly 60 times more effective
at destroying ozone than the chlorine found in CFCs.9 This means that even though its atmospheric lifetime is quite short (a little over a year) 31, the immediate impact of changes in methyl bromide emissions on the ozone layer is very high compared to other chemicals.
N2O reacts with oxygen atoms in the stratosphere to produce nitric oxide, which in
turn destroys ozone.