The phrase
"individual wheels" refers to separate or independent wheels that can move or operate on their own, without relying on other wheels.
Full definition
When a vehicle isn't responding to the driver's commands, such as during a skid, the system takes over,
braking individual wheels to put the vehicle back on course.
The anti-lock system already monitors the individual speed of all wheels and reduces braking power
of individual wheels when it detects it locking.
This system is capable of applying the brakes
on individual wheels and decrease engine torque if it detects a possible rollover.
From there, it is just a small step to the traction control systems, which applies the brake to
individual wheels when they start to slip.
The low center - of - gravity coupled with an advanced
individual wheel torque control system will provide excellent performance and handling.
Though it sounds the same, AWD is a computerized drivetrain which sends power to
individual wheels as needed.
A new 4 - way Tire Pressure Monitoring System can detect pressure drops
at individual wheels is available.
These systems work by using sensors to detect signs of a skid, and then limiting acceleration and applying the brakes
on individual wheels to regain control of the car.
Upgraded Performance Data Recorder with
individual wheel speeds and suspension displacements, intake and ambient air temperature, and yaw rate
With all of their current experience with ABS, AYC, ACD, and now S - AWC it should make the programming
for individual wheel motors much easier to pull out every bit of performance / safety benefits.
The NHTSA claims there are 135 complaints, all of which involve the stability control kicking in at incorrect times,
with individual wheels braking and the steering pulling to either the right or left.
XDS + electronic differentials are fitted to the front and rear axles to brake
individual wheels if high loads are detected, helping to reduce understeer.
The only real annoyance is what Infiniti calls Active Trace Control (part of the Technology package) that essentially trail - brakes for you to increase the load on the front wheels, and can modulate engine torque and selectively brake
individual wheels in quick transitional maneuvers.
Electronic Stability Control (ESC): Applies braking to
individual wheels during sudden turns so that drivers will not lose control of their vehicle.
The traction control system utilizes the same electro - magnetic sensors which the ABS uses to determine variations in vehicle speed
between individual wheels.
The control unit takes into account a wide variety of inputs
including individual wheel speeds, cornering yaw rates, longitudinal and lateral acceleration, vehicle speed, gear and clutch engagement, brake pressure, accelerator position and the settings of the hill descent and Terrain Response ™ systems.
The electronic differential, which is a function of the anti-lock brakes and works at speeds up to 50 mph, detects and
limits individual wheel spin and then redistributes the torque to the side that needs it most, he said.
However, buyers can opt for a superior Porsche Active Suspension Management that includes electronic damping control system, which regulates the damping force of
individual wheel depending upon the road condition and driving style.
Tacoma's Trailer - Sway Control (TSC) feature applies brake pressure to
individual wheels while also managing engine torque, helping owners remain in complete control at all times.
The slip control unit
monitors individual wheel speeds every 10 milliseconds (0.01 seconds) and adjusts torque transfer to each rear wheel to minimise wheel slip and maintain vehicle stability.
The same situation can occur when cornering at high speed
where individual wheels may break traction due to the road surface or throttle inputs.
This arrangement varies the percentage of drive torque sent to the front and rear wheels, while the driver - selectable X-Mode can
reduce individual wheel spin.
The 290 - hp 3.5 - liter V6 is quicker still, using a nine - speed automatic, with either front - drive or all - wheel - drive and a torque vectoring system — Acura's super handling all - wheel drive (SH - AWD), that
uses individual wheel braking on deceleration and a lighter, simplified rear differential on acceleration to overdrive the outside rear wheel in wet or slippery conditions.
For the first time, an Adaptive Variable Suspension, capable of
adjusting individual wheels» dampers according to road conditions (within 0.0025 seconds), was offered.
Controlled by a microprocessor using information from the Vehicle Stability Assist (VSA) system's wheel sensors, yaw / G sensor, engine rpm and torque, and steering angle, the Adaptive Damper System can adjust every 0.002 seconds to
adapt individual wheels to road surfaces.
A viscous limited slip differential is standard along with Vehicle Dynamic Control (VDC) with combines electronically operated traction and stability systems to reduce engine torque and / or
apply individual wheel braking if needed.
For the first time one ecu looks at every input: steering, throttle and brake from the driver, plus yaw, lateral and longitudinal data and
individual wheel slip from the car.
Let's be methodical: Clunk transmission into four - wheel drive, low range, engage the rock - crawling mode, foot off the brake... and up she goes, accompanied by the chunter and chatter of the ABS
grabbing individual wheels to maintain traction.
Porsche Stability Management (PSM) is fitted as standard to all 911 models and monitors the car so that the system can brake
individual wheels strategically to keep the car on its intended line.
Some of you Rubicon vets may scoff and claim you can do just as well with locking axles, but you can't: With the ability to control torque delivered to
individual wheels multiple times a second, Crawl Control can perform functions humans can't.
Under guidance from VDIM, such precise brake control at
individual wheels allows more optimized operation of the vehicle's dynamic handling systems that employ the brakes: ABS, Brake Assist, Vehicle Stability Control (VSC) and traction control (TRAC).
Sensors at the wheels and around the vehicle
analyze individual wheel speed, steering angle, lateral G - force and yaw rate.
Lane Departure Prevention brakes
individual wheels rather than turn the wheel; it works well as it doesn't lead to the «ping - pong» effect of other systems that actively rotate the steering wheel and can be annoying.
Only if optimum power distribution to the front and rear axle is not sufficient to keep the Active Tourer on the desired course, DSC intervenes by reducing engine output and / or by
decelerating individual wheels.
Then, the control system intervenes, applying or
releasing individual wheel brakes, reducing engine power, and in some cases, vectoring drive torque towards specific wheels, until the anomaly disappears.
The X-Trail even gets Active Trace Control — something reserved until now just for Infiniti — which brakes
individual wheels toi help understeer as well as Uphil Start and Hill Descent control.
We understand that traction control systems are related to ESC systems in that they can control engine torque output and activate the brakes on
individual wheel ends.
Other standard features include Dynamic Damper Control, dynamic braking
for individual wheels, ABS with Brake Assist, airbags, active front seat headrests, cornering brake control, dynamic stability control (DSC), traction control, crash sensor with dynamic braking lights, ISOFIX child seat mounting and run flat tyres.
For example, the European (E-VECTOORC)(Electric - VEhicle Control of
individual wheel Torque for On - and Off - Road Conditions) project, which ran from 2011 to 2014, involved 11 partners — including Jaguar Land - Rover and TRW — to address the individual control of the electric motor torques of fully electric vehicles to enhance safety, comfort and fun - to - drive in both on - and off - road driving conditions.
The chassis is more than up to the task, though; you can feel a little more weight over the nose but in general the combination of the stiffer suspension, reduced ride height and the XDS electronic differential system — which brakes
individual wheels in corners — means the GTD is quick to respond to inputs in the twisty stuff.