Sentences with phrase «ocean surface waters»

As mentioned above, hurricanes feed and grow on warm ocean surface waters.

With less ice cover, more light will hit ocean surface waters.

Not only are ocean surface waters getting warmer, but so is water 1,500 feet below the surface.

Drawing a parallel with progress in understanding human perturbations to the carbon cycle, our approach in assessing anthropogenic impacts on seawater pH is to separate the regulation of pH in ocean surface waters into two modes — regulation in the pre-disturbance Holocene ocean and anthropogenic processes regulating pH — with the interplay between both components acting to regulate seawater pH in the Anthropocene.

Reefs: Natural temperature - limiting processes may prevent ocean surface waters from warming past levels dangerous to corals, at least in some important regions, according to a study being published in Geophysical Research Letters on Saturday.

Southern Ocean surface water also has a harder time changing the CO2 concentration of the atmosphere, because it gets mixed into the interior so quickly.

Whales fertilize ocean surface waters with key nutrients like phosphorus, which move through the food chain, and eventually, onto land.

The cycle of Pacific Ocean surface water warming and cooling has become more variable in recent decades, suggesting El Niño may strengthen under climate change

It was Olav Hollingsæter, founder of the company OceanTherm AS, who came up with the idea of cooling ocean surface waters as a means of preventing hurricanes.

El Niño was named by Peruvian fishers who noticed that the warming of ocean surface waters reduced their anchovy catch.

Since preindustrial times, the average pH of ocean surface water fell from 8.21 to 8.10.

This map shows changes in the amount of aragonite dissolved in ocean surface waters between the 1880s and the most recent decade (2003 - 2012).

Feverishly hot ocean surface waters potentially reaching more than 104 degrees Fahrenheit (40 degrees Celsius) may have helped cause the greatest mass extinction in Earth's history, researchers say.

To a large extent, horizontal movement of ocean surface waters mirrors the long - term average planetary circulation of the atmosphere.

In climate, the apparent periodicities arise from noisy forcings (turbulence, high and low pressure vortices, ocean surface water sloshing back and forth or surface currents and Eckmann transport, convection, etc.) being filtered into bands by lossy mechanisms (wind friction and turbulence, thermal conductivity, AMO circulating currents, isotropic scattering and emission).

The real reasons for climate changes are uneven solar radiation, terrestrial precession (that is, axis gyration), instability of oceanic currents, regular salinity fluctuations of the Arctic Ocean surface waters, etc..

Thanks to industrialization, mercury levels in the atmosphere are at least three times higher than they were 150 years ago, and mercury levels in ocean surface waters are higher too.

Southern Ocean surface water is projected to become undersaturated with respect to aragonite at a CO2 concentration of approximately 600 ppm.

But the new study shows that animals are a crucial «distribution pump,» the scientists write, transporting masses of fecal matter to fertilize many places that would otherwise be less productive, including ocean surface waters and the interior of continents.

That would be due to a perception that the «normal» state of pure water is pH = 7, whereas the normal pH of ocean surface water is ~ 8.2.

When four hurricanes of extraordinary strength tore through Florida last fall, there was little media attention paid to the fact that hurricanes are made more intense by warming ocean surface waters.

Through photosynthesis, tiny organisms that live in the ocean surface waters pull carbon - dioxide out of the atmosphere, which usually means cooler temperatures.

However, so far, the DNA or RNA sequencing had been almost exclusively limited to the ocean surface waters.

And then, if the ocean surface water was «diluted» with isotopic light melt water, would this not be reflected with a similar drop in the Greenland ice cores, just by a changing isotope signature of the source, instead of a temperature drop?

In particular, carbonic acid is formed and hydrogen ions are released, and as a result the pH of the ocean surface waters decrease (making them more acidic).

The Earth spins on its axis, which results in the Coriolis force pushing the ocean surface water away from the coast in the mid-latitudes.

Consider that oceans surface water is a tiny part of the complete ocean volume.

Finally, if the North American hydrologic cycle is enhanced, and / or Greenland's southern ice caps melt, the increased fresh water runoff from land areas could dilute the ocean surface water and critically reduce its salinity.

Ocean surface water is pushed by winds Currents transport heat Warm = add moisture and heat to air Cool = cool the air Currents affect weather and climate of nearby landmasses.

Oleg Sorokhtin of the Russian Academy of Sciences Institute of Ocean Studies, and many other Russian scientists maintain that global climate depends predominantly on natural factors, such as solar activity, precession (wobbling) of the Earth's axis, changes in ocean currents, fluctuations in saltiness of ocean surface water, and some other factors, whereas industrial emissions do not play any significant role.

The average pH of ocean surface waters has moved from 8.2 to 8.1 and while that not might seem a lot, scientists are concerned.

Another is to nourish the ocean surface waters, by pumping deep, nutrient - rich bottom water to the surface to give algae a chance to bloom across the oceans.

Holds that for most open - ocean surface waters, aragonite undersaturation occurs when carbonate ion concentrations drop below approximately 66 µmol kg - 1

(For a given location on Earth's surface, the highest daily temperatures are achieved just after the period of greatest insolation, since time is required to heat the ocean surface waters and the soil.)

For more than a decade, researchers have struggled and failed to balance global carbon budgets, which must balance carbon emissions to the atmosphere from fossil fuels (6.3 Pg per year; numbers here from Skee Houghton at Woods Hole Research Center) and land use change (2.2 Pg; deforestation, agriculture etc.) with carbon dioxide accumulation in the atmosphere (3.2 Pg) and the carbon sinks taking carbon out of the atmosphere, especially carbon dioxide dissolving in Ocean surface waters (2.4 Pg).

Ocean surface waters have become 30 % more acidic over the last 250 years as they have absorbed large amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

The average pH of ocean surface waters has already fallen by about 0.1 units, from about 8.2 to 8.1 since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution.

(16) While it would necessarily take many thousands of years to melt the great ice sheets, they had realized that meanwhile the atmosphere and the ocean surface waters, which were less massive, could be fluctuating on their own.