Sentences with phrase «reference scenario»

The time path of emissions also varies across models for a variety of reasons, including (1) differences in reference scenario emissions, (2) differences in the cost of abatement over time, (3) differences in the speed at which capital stock can be replaced, and (4) differences in assumptions about foresight (Fawcett et al. 2009).

In practice the growth in emissions is likely to be considerably less than this, because the IEA Reference Scenario does not take account of new policies that are under consideration in many countries.

Differences in carbon prices can be attributed to differences in reference scenario emissions, and thus the level of abatement required, along with differences in the cost of abatement technologies.

Updates to the Scoreboard and our C - ROADS simulations also reflect a new reference scenario for fossil fuel CO2 emissions, land use CO2 emissions, and the other well mixed GHG emissions.

I meant to say that the ABARE reference scenario projects higher fossil CO2 emissions in 2100 than any of the six IPCC illustrative scenarios — some of the other 29 IPCC scenarios used in the 1.4 - 5.8 Â °C are higher than ABARE's.

I have no doubt that he would take the same view of the ABARE reference scenario and most (if not all) of «the entire data - set of available emission scenarios» to which you refer.

However, the projected development beyond 2020 is only compatible with the IEA alternative policy scenario in which coal production is constrained by climate policy measures while the IEA reference scenario assumes further increasing coal consumption (and production) until at least 2030.

MULTIMEDIA — There are many different ways to explore the energy, climate and transport projections up to 2050 contained in the EU Reference Scenario 2016.

Two rounds of analysis were performed using reference scenario emissions, with emission control levels adjusted so that regional surface pollutant concentrations were consistent with the assumed regional income levels (Smith et al. 2011).

As I've pointed out, the IEA's current Reference Scenario projects the same growth in global CO2 emissions to 2030 as the IPCC's B1.

GCAM reference scenario results showing a global GDP and population drivers, b global primary energy consumption by fuel source, c global electricity production by technology, and d global allocation of land among major land cover and land use categories

Additionally, they use very similar reference scenarios.

[4] This assumption is contrary to the standard Project Drawdown Reference Scenario, which assumes that growth occurs in relation to the overall growth of the market, with the percent adoption remaining fixed at the base year levels.

Non-CO2: hypothetical Pre-INDC Reference Scenario projection used only for non-CO2 gases: 2.7 GtCO2e, and LULUCF of -284 MtCO2e.

In tandem with this new carbon monitoring system is the Kenyan government's development of a readiness preparation proposal (R - PP) that has been submitted to the World Bank to support the development of a carbon reference scenario and the design of a comprehensive monitoring system.

Hence, it's not a wild guess that — unless something fundamentally changes — the 2014 WEO reference scenario will again show an upward adjustment of the growth in renewables towards 2035.

C - ROADS's BAU or Reference Scenario case is based on the A1FI SRES scenario of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.

They point out that «our business as usual, reference scenario leads to expected warming by 2100 of 4.2 °C.

The [economic] modeling literature broadly indicates that relying solely on innovation policies would not be sufficient to stabilize GHG concentrations (see e.g. Bosetti et al., 2011; Kalkuhl et al., 2013), as evidenced by the fact that although most reference scenarios assume substantial technological change, none of them lead to emissions reductions on the level of those needed to bring CO2eq concentrations to levels such as 650 ppm CO2eq or below by 2100 (see Section 6.3.2).

As the Secretariat explained, «The level of emissions in the [IEA WEO2009] reference scenario... is among the lowest compared to the other studies available.

Choose from 14 different reference scenarios, pulled from EMF and SRES 2.

The problem with the courts analysis in Acuity, however, is that the limitation clause in Kieran, unlike in Acuity, explicitly references a scenario in which the plaintiff receives pay in lieu of notice (ie.

This new reference scenario would have 4.2 °C (7.6 °F) of expected warming globally by the year 2100 (with an uncertainty range of 2.5 °C — 5.5 °C).

The latest IEA Reference Scenario (that in WEO 2005) shows the same increase in CO2 emissions between 2000 and 2030 — the end - point of the projection — as the IPCC B1 scenario.

EU Reference Scenario 2016: Energy, transport and GHG emissions - Trends to 2050, European Commission, Directorate - General for Energy, Directorate - General for Climate Action and Directorate - General for Mobility and Transport; 2016.

In the reference scenario, the same products were manufactured, but this time out of fresh wood.

The research team constructed a reference scenario with surface pollutant concentrations that tracked regional income over the 21st century.

For the 12 countries with individual controls, we adjust that country's modeled emissions from a reference scenario (based on the IPCCs RCP 8.5 scenario).

The IEA has estimated that cumulative energy - sector investment of $ 17 trillion (in 2004 dollars) will be required by 2030 in order to finance its Reference Scenario, and has said that â $ œFinancing the required investments in non-OECD countries is one of the biggest sources of uncertainty surrounding our energy - supply projectionsâ $?

If the IEA is uncertain about the prospects of the investments required by its Reference Scenario being financed in developing countries, is there any real likelihood that the funds and infrastructure will be forthcoming to support two or three times the investment in power supply and distribution that the Agency is predicting on the basis of present policies?

In the Outlook's «Reference Scenario», which projects energy trends in the absence of new government policies or accelerated deployment of new technology, world primary energy demand is set to rise by 59 % from now till 2030.

The estimated increase in the global use of electricity between 2000 and 2030 under the IPCCâ $ ™ s B1 scenario is more than twice as great as under the IEA Reference Scenario, and the increase under the IPCCâ $ ™ s A1FI scenario is nearly three times as great.

The agency bases its findings on a reference scenario that assumes no new government policies are introduced.

We will then proceed to describe the underlying socioeconomic assumptions that shape RCP4.5 and its associated reference scenario and discuss the characteristics of RCP4.5, highlighting the global energy, economic, land use, and land cover systems, as well as the mechanisms employed to limit radiative forcing to 4.5 W m − 2 and contrast RCP4.5 to its reference scenario.

Pollutant gas and aerosol emissions levels in the reference scenario were checked for consistency by estimating regional surface particulate and ozone levels using the MOZART atmospheric chemistry model.

As a result, the introduction of a carbon policy, as in the RCP4.5, results in a slight reduction in GDP from the reference scenario values.

This reference scenario is unique to RCP4.5 and differs from RCP8.5 as well as from the reference scenarios associated with RCP6 and RCP2.6 (also referred to as RCP3PD)(van Vuuren et al. 2011a).

Under the Plausible Scenario, this solution could reduce 7.5 gigatons of carbon dioxide - equivalent greenhouse gas emissions from 2020 - 2050, compared to a Reference Scenario where the solution is not adopted.

These three scenarios were assessed in comparison to a Reference Scenario where the solution's market share was fixed at the current levels.

The results for the Plausible Scenario show that the net cost compared to the Reference Scenario would be US$ 402.31 billion from 2020 - 50, with nearly US$ 519.35 billion in savings from the energy - generating biomass plants installed in the same period.

reference scenario the set of predicted levels of economic growth, energy production and consumption, and greenhouse gas emissions (and underlying assumptions) with which other scenarios examining various policy options are compared

Vulnerability of concrete structures to the corrosive effects of global warming and sea level rise (Saha & Eckelman, 2014) might create more demand for cement in the coming decades; this, too, was not considered in the Reference Scenario or adoption forecasts.

These scenarios were then compared to a Reference Scenario that fixed the adoption of High Volume Fly Ash cement at its current percentage of the market.

Impacts of increased adoption of trucks from 2020 - 2050 were generated based on three growth scenarios, which were assessed in comparison to a Reference Scenario where the solution's market share was fixed at the current levels.

Impacts of increased adoption of bioplastic from 2020 - 2050 were generated based on three growth scenarios, which were assessed in comparison to the Reference Scenario mentioned above.

Contribution to warming calculated as a fraction of the total cumulative emissions of CO2e between the Reference Scenarios and the INDC Strict scenario.