Sentences with word «backscattered»

The RWP transmits electromagnetic energy into the atmosphere in as many as five directions (four tilted in opposing vertical planes and on vertical) and measures the strength and frequency of backscattered energy.

The ceilometer (CEIL) is a remote - sensing instrument that measures cloud height, vertical visibility, and potential backscatter signals by aerosols.

They then characterized the general morphology of these structures using low kV scanning electron microscopy and backscattered electron imaging.

Active remote - sensing observations are made, using Doppler and non-Doppler radars, lidars (a type of laser that measures backscattered light), and acoustic sounders.

Carry - on luggage is a cluttered affair, however, and adding so - called backscatter x-ray machines — those that pick up the x-rays scattered by materials, rather than just those that pass through or are absorbed — can help clarify images.

Mishchenko, M., V. Tishkovets, and P. Litvinov, 2002: Exact results of the vector theory of coherent backscattering from discrete media: An overview.

Yang, P., Y.X. Hu, D.M. Winker, J. Zhao, C.A. Hostetler, L. Poole, B.A. Baum, M.I. Mishchenko, and J. Reichardt, 2003: Enhanced lidar backscattering by quasi-horizontally oriented ice crystal plates in cirrus clouds.

Dlugach, J.M., and M.I. Mishchenko, 2007: Diffuse and coherent backscattering of polarized light: Polarization ratios for a discrete random medium composed of nonspherical particles.

The electron backscatter diffraction image shows variations in crystallographic orientation in a nickel - based component, achieved by controlling the 3 - D printing process at the microscale.

Barry Steinhardt, associate director of the American Civil Liberties Union, calls backscatter x-ray imaging «nothing more than an electronic strip search.»

The need for better airport security led to the development of a new backscatter machine that uses low - power X-rays with just the right finesse — they penetrate clothing but not skin.

Nevertheless Smith imagines a scenario in which a mobile phone could use ambient backscattering to send and receive e-mails or text messages even if its battery is dead.

Mishchenko, M.I., D.J. Wielaard, and B.E. Carlson, 1997: T - matrix computations of zenith - enhanced lidar backscatter from horizontally oriented ice plates.

They then formed a team including Gurpreet Dhindsa, Hugh O'Neill, Debsindhu Bhowmik and Eugene Mamontov of ORNL and Liang Hong of Shanghai Jiao Tong University in China to observe the motions of hydrogen atoms from the model system, tRNA, in water using SNS's BASIS neutron backscattering spectrometer, SNS beam line 2.

Based on its extensive field programme, ECO2 recommends that overburden, seabed, and water column should be monitored with 3 - D seismic techniques, high - resolution bathymetry or backscatter mapping of the seabed, hydro - acoustic imaging of gas accumulations and outlets, video and photo imaging, chemical detection of dissolved CO2 in ambient bottom waters.

The FM backscattering system encodes audio or data on top of a regular FM broadcast but uses an unoccupied frequency in the FM radio band to send that information to a smartphone or car radio receiver.

Dlugach, Z.M., and M.I. Mishchenko, 1999: Coherent backscatter as one of the possible mechanisms of forming the oppoistion brightness peak for some bodies of the Solar System.

Despite a panel of independent European health experts unanimously concluding in March that there was no evidence that backscatter body scanners posed health risks, Airport bosses say its current trial will close in six weeks because legislation from Brussels excludes the technology.

In addition to retrieving cloud boundaries above 500 m, the Micropulse Lidar Cloud Mask (MPLCMASK) value - added product (VAP) applies lidar - specific corrections (i.e., range - square, background, deadtime, and overlap) to the measured backscattered lidar.

Sauzède, R., H. Claustre, J. Uitz, C. Jamet, G. Dall» Olmo, F. D'Ortenzio, B. Gentili, A. Poteau, and C. Schmechtig (2016), A neural network - based method for merging ocean color and Argo data to extend surface bio-optical properties to depth: Retrieval of the particulate backscattering coefficient, J. Geophys.

These include millimeter wave technology, which uses millimeter wavelength radio waves to generate three - dimensional images as well as backscatter scanners, which employ low - level x-rays.

The glider used optical and acoustic backscatter — techniques similar to radar in which sound or light is bounced off of surroundings and analyzed upon return — to survey the water for sediment particles of two different sizes (0.4 and 0.1 millimeter) commonly used in models.

The radar backscatter intensity (grey level of the image) is given in decibel (Kaleschke and Spreen, University of Hamburg).

The Secure 1000 uses advanced x-ray backscatter technology and image processing software to detect potential threats on passengers at aviation checkpoints.

The team demonstrated three different methods for sending audio signals and data using FM backscatter: one simply overlays the new information on top of the existing signals, another takes advantage of unused portions of a stereo FM broadcast, and the third uses cooperation between two smartphones to decode the message.

Acronyms: XRF = x-ray fluoresencence; RBS = Rutherford Backscattering; XRD = x-ray diffraction; SEM = scanning electron microscopy; AFM = atomic force microcopy; PES = photoelectron spectroscopy, with x-rays (XPS) and ultraviolet (UPS); KP = Kelvin probe measurements, SECM = scanning electrochemical microscopy, PL = photoluminescence; FTIR = Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

It transmits acoustic energy into the atmosphere in multiple directions and measures the strength and frequency of backscattered energy.

IR backscatter doesn't have to HEAT the water.

Reducing backscatter and producing rich, deep colors in underwater photos, the Sea Dragon Flash, Flex - Connect Tray, and Grip easily attach to the DC1400 camera.

The model consists of two components whose refractive indices resemble those of detritus - minerallike and planktonlike particles, whose size distributions are constrained by underwater light linear polarization signatures, and whose mixing ratios change as a function of particulate backscattering efficiency.

The intensive properties of hygroscopic growth factor, aerosol single - scattering albedo, hemispheric backscatter fraction and angstrom exponent are produced at a one minute sample rate.

[Backscatter picks up the radiation bounced back from the passenger's body and any objects the person may be concealing.

Individual ocean surface element for which wind vector is retrieved from scatterometer backscatter measurements.

«This is apart from the installation of CCT Cameras at the Brigade Headquarters, 2 backscatter bomb detection vans and other equipment.

To measure temperatures along the cable's length, the team sends pulses of light down the fiber and observes how the fiber backscatters the light, returning it in the direction from which it came.

Though backscatter devices are commonly used in prisons, diamond mines, and customs searches, introducing the machines to airports has been a tough sell.

For around a thousand dollars, you can buy a Radar Scope and dominate future games of hide - and - seek, but at a reported cost of six figures, backscatter portals are likely to be out of the reach of most comic - book readers.

Although backscatter and millimeter wave scanners might have given screeners cause to be suspicious of an underwear bomb, neither are used in all airports, and passengers concerned about exposure to radiation can often opt to instead be frisked by security personnel.]

Until now, the Milky Way emission has not been detected, owing to far brighter local sources, including the H (hydrogen) glow, i.e., solar Lyα radiation backscattered by interstellar atoms that flow within the solar system.

«I've seen plastic razors with it, and I don't think backscatter would even have touched it.»

Since the December «underwear bomb» plot, U.S. airports have rolled out a fleet of advanced imaging devices, including backscatter X-ray screeners and millimeter - wave body scanners.

«The incident radiation has a very high probability of being multiply scattered before being backscattered toward the incident direction or ultimately absorbed.»

To quantify krill biomass and distribution we used: an integrated MOCNESS [17] for estimates of krill size and acoustic target strength; dual EK - 60 fisheries echosounders (38 and 120 kHz, Kongsberg - Simrad) calibrated according to [18] and mounted on a zodiac for fine scale (100 km) measurements of acoustic volume backscattering; and the ADCP echo intensity to define the meso - scale (101 km) geographic extent of the krill distributions.

To estimate the percentage of krill from acoustically detected schools, we subtracted the linear backscatter cross-section at 38 kHz from 120 kHz to identify krill [3], [20], [21].

The team at UW has previously showed how an ambient backscatter technique can convert existing TV and cellular signals into electricity, allowing for battery - free sensors to be embedded into objects.

She has a PhD in acoustics from the University of Bergen, where she investigated broad band backscatter from fish without swim bladder.

GoPro Hero3 + Black Edition Camera * - $ 50 (Includes 8 GB microSD card, Battery BacPac and Backscatter Flip 3.1 Filter for color correction underwater)- $ 75 (Includes all of the above plus a Light & Motion GoBe 700 video light and tray handle) * Sorry, only available for use on Jack's Diving Locker boat trips.