A decrease
in precipitation frequency translates into even more year - to - year variability in fresh water resources for the Southwest.
Figure 3 shows the relationship between observed surface air temperature and observed
precipitation frequency for 28 summers, demonstrating that summers were hotter when it rained less often.
The GCM's overestimation
of precipitation frequency interferes with its skill to simulate the warmest summers characterized by relatively low precipitation.
This figure shows on the left) coastal (blue) and inland (green) separation of USHCN (United States Historical Climatological Network) stations, and right) climatology of the
associated precipitation frequency, daily intensity, and total precipitation by month, separated into all precipitation days in the upper panels, and extreme (99th percentile) precipitation only in the lower panels.
Now, however, researchers from China, France and Switzerland have found that including information
about precipitation frequency may also significantly improve our ability to explain variations of moisture in summer soil.
Zhanqing Li, lead author of a paper published in Nature Geoscience and University of Maryland atmospheric scientist, says, «Using a 10 - year dataset of atmospheric measurements, we have uncovered the long - term, net impact of aerosols on cloud height and thickness and the resulting changes
in precipitation frequency and intensity.»
The team found that
precipitation frequency can explain year - to - year variations in summer soil moisture.
The researchers also observed that
precipitation frequency and summer soil moisture are inter-related.
With these findings in mind, combined with IPCC projections for
precipitation frequency, the team now plans to further investigate and evaluate how susceptible the northern hemisphere will be to future droughts.
The correlation coefficients between soil moisture and
precipitation frequency are higher than correlation coefficients between soil moisture and amount of precipitation.