"Psychotic experiences" refers to situations or events where a person's thoughts, feelings, or behavior become very different from what is considered normal. This can include hallucinations (seeing or hearing things that others don't), delusions (believing in things that are not true), and experiencing disorganized thoughts or behavior. It indicates a significant disturbance in a person's mental state.
Full definition
Common childhood neurodevelopmental disorders are associated with increased risk
of psychotic experiences in early adolescence
Children who suffer from frequent nightmares or bouts of night terrors may be at an increased risk of
psychotic experiences in adolescence, according to new research from the University of Warwick.
In a new paper published in the British Journal of Psychiatry, a team based at the Division of Mental Health and Wellbeing at Warwick Medical School at the University of Warwick found that persistent childhood nightmares both at an early age (between 2 and 9) and at age 12 were significantly associated with new incidents of suspected or definite
psychotic experiences at age 18.
Citation: Sullivan SA, Wiles N, Kounali D, Lewis G, Heron J, Cannon M, et al. (2014) Longitudinal Associations between
Adolescent Psychotic Experiences and Depressive Symptoms.
The study, published today in the journal SLEEP, shows that children reporting frequent nightmares before the age of 12 were three and a half times more likely to suffer
from psychotic experiences in early adolescence.
Adolescent depression was the primary interest, but data were collected
on psychotic experiences, anxiety, conduct problems, educational achievement, substance abuse, self - harm, and physical health.
Dr Ian Kelleher, Lead Investigator, Department of Psychiatry, RCSI said «Our analysis shows, we believe for the first time, that cessation of traumatic experiences predicted a significantly reduced incidence of
psychotic experiences compared to individuals for whom the traumatic experiences continued.
Younger children, between two and nine years old, who had persistent nightmares reported by parents had up to one and a half times increased risk of
developing psychotic experiences.
Treatment would look very different for a person
whose psychotic experiences were linked to depression or anxiety disorders or were the one - time result of acute stress, compared with a person who is showing the first signs of schizophrenia.
Common mental disorder
including psychotic experiences: Trailblazing a new recovery pathway within the Improving Access to Psychological Therapies programme in England.
Childhood victimisation and developmental expression of non-clinical delusional ideation and hallucinatory experiences: victimisation and non-clinical psychotic experiences
This suggests that the biological mechanisms underlying depression at this age do not increase subsequent risk of
psychotic experiences once they resolve.
They then used interviews to assess experiences of nightmares, night terrors and sleepwalking at age 12 and
psychotic experiences at age 18.
Clinicopathological significance of
psychotic experiences in non-psychotic young people: Evidence from four population - based studies
Furthermore, it showed that the cessation of traumatic experiences was associated with a significant reduction in the incidence
of psychotic experiences.
The study aimed to determine whether childhood trauma could be considered a cause of
psychotic experiences.
«New evidence shows link between childhood trauma and
psychotic experiences.»
The researchers undertook a nationally representative prospective cohort study of 1,112 school - based adolescents aged 13 - 16 years, and assessed them at baseline, three - months and 12 - months for childhood trauma (defined as physical assault and bullying) and
psychotic experiences.
ProfessorMary Cannon, HRB Clinician Scientist and Senior Investigator, Department of Psychiatry, RCSI said «Our findings are the first to show there is direct evidence between exposure to childhood trauma and
psychotic experience.
Researchers at the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) have demonstrated that exposure to childhood trauma (physical assault and bullying) is linked to
psychotic experiences, (such as hearing voices), and in turn the cessation of traumatic experiences led to a significant reduction in the incidence of psychotic experiences.
A cannabis - like substance produced by the brain may dampen delusional or
psychotic experiences, rather than trigger them.
Researchers at the University of Warwick have found a significant link between the presence of persistent nightmares in childhood and
psychotic experiences in later adolescence.
«Persistent nightmares in childhood could be linked to
psychotic experiences in later adolescence.»
Dr Thompson added that more work was needed, but these initial results did suggest that specific parasomnias such as persistent nightmares in children could be a potential risk indicator for the development of
psychotic experiences and possibly psychotic disorder.
After ruling out experiences caused by drugs or sleep, the researchers determined that 5.8 percent of the respondents had
psychotic experiences.
In addition,
psychotic experiences were more prevalent among people living in middle - and high - income countries (7.2 and 6.8 percent, respectively) than low - income countries (3.2 percent).
The psychotic experiences were slightly more common in women (6.6 percent) than men (5 percent), even though full - fledged schizophrenia is more prevalent in males.
Psychotic experiences are sometimes markers of general psychological distress, McGrath explains: «They pop up in depression, anxiety disorders, a whole range of things.»
Now the most comprehensive epidemiological study of
psychotic experiences to date, published in July in JAMA Psychiatry, has given researchers the most detailed picture yet of how many people have these experiences and how frequently.
The psychotic experiences were typically rare, with 32 percent of sufferers having only a single episode and another 32 percent having two to five.
Building on the successful Recent Advances in Understanding Mental Illness and
Psychotic Experiences (2000), this report is intended for service users, their friends and families, journalists, policymakers, mental health workers and the public.
British surrealist painter, writer, designer and actress, Leonora Carrington, used her creative output to depict
her psychotic experiences, triggered by the breakdown of her relationship with Max Ernst and prompting her to relocate to Mexico.
Psychotic experiences and suicide attempt risk in common mental disorders and borderline personality disorder.
Trajectories of Early Childhood Developmental Skills and Early Adolescent
Psychotic Experiences: Findings from the ALSPAC UK Birth Cohort.
Adults with psychosis or
psychotic experiences may report adverse life events prior to the onset of symptoms but direction of causality can not be inferred
Novel latent statistical models of child adversity, depression, anxiety, and
psychotic experiences were produced, with concurrent and prospective validity.
Whilst
psychotic experiences at 12 years were associated with a small increase in depression at 18 years, depression at 12 years was not associated with psychotic experiences at 18 years once across - phenotype cross-sectional and within - phenotype longitudinal associations were accounted for.
This study aimed to investigate the longitudinal associations between
psychotic experiences and depressive symptoms between adolescence and young adulthood.
Depressive symptoms were assessed with the Short Moods and Feelings Questionnaire and
psychotic experiences with a semi-structured clinical interview at 12 and 18 years.
Psychotic experiences are prevalent in community samples and are highly correlated with depressive symptoms.
These results support emerging evidence about a relationship between peer victimization and
psychotic experiences from cross-sectional or retrospective studies.12, 13,20