While specific numbers are hotly debated by tar sands proponents, everyone agrees the climate impacts of tar sands oil are
greater than conventional oil.
But producing oil sands is a messy, emissions - intensive business; according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the extraction process produces 82 percent more
emissions than conventional oil drilling.
But all of the mining, cooking, and upgrading required to convert the sticky bitumen from the sands into crude oil releases 1.6 times more greenhouse
gas than conventional oil production, according to the Canadian government's environmental agency.
But now it has come to light that the oil industry is conducting offshore fracking in the Gulf, which is even more dangerous
than conventional oil drilling, according to the Center for Biological Diversity.
To increase supplies, most companies are looking to tar sands in Canada or converting coal or natural gas into liquid fuels, technologies that emit far more carbon
dioxide than conventional oil does.
Oil sands extraction raises concerns among environmentalists because it generates more of the heat - trapping gases causing climate
change than conventional oil drilling, among other things
Extracting oil sands requires a good deal more
energy than conventional oil, which means more greenhouses gasses are released before the oil even reaches the pump.
The oil extracted is a thick, sticky form of crude known as bitumen, which emits more carbon
than conventional oil when burned and the mining itself has a heavy environmental footprint, heavily opposed by climate and environmental activists.
According to Pipeline and Tanker Trouble: The Impacts to British Columbia's Communities, Rivers, and Pacific Coastline from Tar Sands Oil Transport, co-written by the Pembina Institute, Natural Resources Defence Council and Living Oceans Society, the transportation of tar sands bitumen poses an even larger
risk than conventional oil.
Tar sands oil is more polluting to produce, transport and
refine than conventional oil because it contains more carbon and more toxic substances, such as heavy metals and sulfur.
To extract the oil from the sand requires three barrels of fresh water for every barrel of oil produced; it leaves behind toxic liquid tailings that are collected in ponds lethal enough to kill birds that land on them, which now sprawl over more than 150 square kilometers of territory; and extraction by itself produces three times more greenhouse gases
than conventional oil pumped up from a well.
As tar sands oil has a much larger carbon
footprint than conventional oil, climate change legislation targeted by Prop 23 would limit California's imports of high - carbon fuels — fuels that would likely include toxic tar sands oil from Alberta.
Environmentalists did compliment Secretary of State Hillary Clinton's team for acknowledging this time around that oil mined from tar sands has significantly higher heat - trapping gas emissions
than conventional oil used in the United States.
By revealing that tar sands crude behaves
differently than conventional oil and highlighting the significant gaps in pipeline safety regulations and industry practices, TransCanada's 59 «special conditions» began to ring hollow as a safety guarantee.
«There is no evidence that dilbit causes more
failure than conventional oil,» geologist John Zhou of the provincial government research firm Alberta Innovates said during an interview in November on a trip to the tar sands; Zhou helped prepare the Canadian province's analysis of dilbit.
Climate activists oppose the expansion of their operations because extracting and burning tar sands oil sends even more greenhouse gases into the
atmosphere than conventional oil.
Studies also indicate that pipelines operating at temperatures above 100 degrees Fahrenheit spill up to 23 times more often due to external
corrosion than conventional oil pipelines.
It's not about the environment and all about the royalties: Money Received From Leases Far
Lower Than Conventional Oil Salazar called the leases «flawed» because the 5 % royalty rate paid for oil shale production on those lands «sells the taxpayers short».
In the report it was claimed that the because of the tremendous effort required to produce a barrel of oil from these sources, the overall carbon emissions are dramatically
higher than conventional oil sources: Tar sand extraction produce three times the emissions; Oil Shale producing eight times the emissions.
Additional escalation of the mining impact occurs as conventional oil mining is supplanted by tar sands development, with mining and land disturbance from the latter producing land use - related greenhouse gas emissions as much as 23 times
greater than conventional oil production per unit area [152], but with substantial variability and uncertainty [152]--[153].
With his departure from NASA, Hansen told the Times he plans to lobby European leaders to institute a tax on oil derived from tar sands, whose extraction leads to more greenhouse gas
emissions than conventional oil.
The emissions from tar sands oil production are an average of three to five times more greenhouse gas (GHG)
intensive than conventional oil, and are the fastest growing source of GHG pollution in Canada.
Additional escalation of the mining impact occurs as conventional oil mining is supplanted by tar sands development, with mining and land disturbance from the latter producing land use - related greenhouse gas emissions as much as 23 times greater
than conventional oil production per unit area [152], but with substantial variability and uncertainty [152]--[153].
The Department also points out that, due to the higher energy requirements of extracting the oil, shale oil produces less
energy than conventional oil, coal or wood.
This is a critical element of the draft environmental review because while State determined that tar sands is
dirtier than conventional oil, it concludes that Keystone XL would have little impact on the expansion of tar sands and therefore policymakers and the public needn't consider the impacts of that expansion.
Furthermore, the Canadian tar sands oil, while certainly «dirtier» to extract than traditional oil sources, releases roughly 15 percent more CO2 per
barrel than conventional oil.
Berman, author of This Crazy Time and co-founder of ForestEthics, pointed out that every independent study, including one from the U.S. Department of Energy, has found that the oil sands are one of the world's dirtiest forms of oil, producing three times more greenhouse gas emissions per barrel produced, and 22 per cent more
than conventional oil when their full life cycle of emissions, including burning them in a vehicle, is included.
Company documents discovered during an eight - month investigation by InsideClimate News show that Exxon Research & Engineering estimated that producing and burning oil shales would release 1.4 to 3 times more carbon
dioxide than conventional oil, and would accelerate the doubling of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere by about five years.
Environmentalists have expressed concerns about the impact of developing the oil sands and say the crude is more corrosive to
pipelines than conventional oil.
Bitumen is more corrosive on pipelines and it is more toxic and more difficult to clean up
than conventional oil.
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A study published in late April by an environmental group found that Europe's biofuel regulations created 80 percent more carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions
than the conventional oil they replaced.
Diluted bitumen, a controversial form of heavy Canadian oil, poses no more risks to pipelines
than conventional oil, according to a long - awaited report released Tuesday by the National Academy of Sciences.
According to research, oil burned from the tar sands emits significantly more carbon
than conventional oil.
Tar sands oil is the dirtiest on Earth, and the Environmental Protection Agency has said clearly that tar sands production releases 82 percent more greenhouse gas emissions
than conventional oil.