Sentences with phrase «vegetation carbon»

Previous modeling studies have also consistently predicted increased global vegetation carbon under future scenarios of climate and CO2, but with considerable variation in absolute values (2 — 4).

Using these patterns, we estimated the resulting gross vegetation carbon emissions [2, 5] and species losses over time [6].

Using those patterns, they estimated the resulting gross vegetation carbon emissions and species losses.

All 110 simulations predict an increase in global vegetation carbon to 2100, but with substantial variation between vegetation models.

Associated with the long - term predictability of soil water and internal slow vegetation adjustment timescales, we also found evidence for decadal predictability of total vegetation carbon and fire season length in the CESM experiments.

Changes in vegetation carbon residence times can cause major shifts in the distribution of carbon between pools, overall fluxes, and the time constants of terrestrial carbon transitions, with consequences for the land carbon balance and the associated state of ecosystems.

Although droughts can cause hydrological conditions that favor wildfires, they can also suppress wildfire occurrences by reducing vegetation carbon stocks and hence the fuel - availability necessary for the ignition of wildfires (van der Werf et al. 2004; Lehmann et al. 2014).

Future global vegetation carbon change calculated by seven global vegetation models using climate outputs and associated increasing CO2 from five GCMs run with four RCPs, expressed as the change from the 1971 — 1999 mean relative to change in global mean land temperature.

Vegetation carbon residence time not only is important because of its contribution to GVM uncertainty, but also represents a key stage in the cascade of carbon from the atmosphere, through various organic and inorganic surface pools, and back to the atmosphere.

Analyses of differences in model behavior should therefore focus not only on the processes of carbon acquisition (i.e., photosynthesis and NPP), but also on the dynamics of vegetation carbon turnover.

Tropical forests are especially important because, even though they cover only 7 percent of the Earth's surface, they contain the largest vegetation carbon stocks, and are also important carbon sinks.

The spatial extent of the areas experiencing decreased vegetation carbon increases monotonically with warming above +3 °C, as does the intermodel agreement on these reductions.

The global land biosphere is projected by some models to lose carbon beyond temperature increases of 3 °C (Gerber et al., 2004), mainly from temperate and boreal soils, with vegetation carbon declining beyond temperature increases above 5 °C (Gerber et al., 2004).

This leads to different dynamics of the regional fire cycles: In the Northern US, negative correlations of fire with water storage or vegetation for negative lags (fire leads) suggest that the enhanced fire frequency will reduce vegetation carbon and affect subsequent droughts lasting for several years.

Worldwide, vegetation carbon storage and leaf cover are increasing in response to rising CO2.

We find, when all seven models are considered for one representative concentration pathway × general circulation model combination, such uncertainties explain 30 % more variation in modeled vegetation carbon change than responses of net primary productivity alone, increasing to 151 % for non-HYBRID4 models.

Mean change in vegetation carbon at +4 °C global land warming from a 1971 — 1999 baseline.

(A — C) Change in annual global mean vegetation carbon (A), NPP (B), and residence time of carbon in vegetation (C) under the HadGEM2 - ES RCP 8.5 climate and CO2 scenario for seven global vegetation models.

There are also regions where vegetation carbon declines, including parts of southern North America, much of central South America, the southern Mediterranean region, southwestern Africa, and southwestern Australia.

This graph shows total carbon content, rather than fluxes — think of it as the integral of the previous graph, but discounting vegetation carbon.

There is however a decreasing ability to sequester carbon in biomass; many pathways have a Cv [vegetation carbon, including live roots] peak towards the end of the twenty - first century.

Blue and red lines represent lag correlation coefficients of total water storage with total vegetation carbon and annual fire season length (total water storage leads in the positive lags).

Tropical forests are especially important because, even though they cover only 7 percent of the Earth's surface, they contain the largest vegetation carbon stocks, and are also important carbon sinks.

For example, at 4 °C of global land surface warming (510 — 758 ppm of CO2), vegetation carbon increases by 52 — 477 Pg C (224 Pg C mean), mainly due to CO2 fertilization of photosynthesis.

Impacts ranged from a strong increase to a severe loss of vegetation carbon (cv), depending on differences in climate projections, as well as the physiological response to rising [CO2].

5 looked in more detail at the responses of three of these DGVMs in the Amazon region, and found that although all three models simulated reductions in vegetation carbon, they did this for different reasons.

Observational evidence strongly suggests that global vegetation carbon in natural forests is already increasing (17), and the relationship of any future increases with ΔMLT has important consequences for future levels of atmospheric CO2.

In addition, we find that an extensive region of the southern Sahara / northern Sahel experiences very large relative increases in vegetation carbon, although there is less agreement on this between simulations, primarily due to variation in climate predictions.

Change in mean - decadal vegetation carbon, annual NPP, and vegetation carbon residence time simulated by seven GVMs under HadGEM2 - ES RCP 8.5 forcings between A.D. 2005 and 2099.

Most land supports increased vegetation carbon, with simulations agreeing on this increase in many locations.

Agreement nevertheless emerges on increases in future global vegetation carbon, with large regional increases across much of the boreal forest, western Amazonia, central Africa, western China, and southeastern Asia.

Vegetation carbon -LRB--RRB- was predicted to increase by an average of 270 Pg C from preindustrial levels across the models by 2100, but saturating NPP and increasing heterotrophic respiration led to a reduction in NEP after 2050.

Lead - lag correlation between variations in annual mean total water storage, total vegetation carbon, and annual fire season length over the Northern US and the Southern US / Mexico regions in the control simulation.

In the fire scheme of CLM4, wildfire occurrence in each grid box is parameterized in terms of fuel density obtained from the vegetation carbon, hydrological conditions, and temperature (Thonicke et al. 2001; Kloster et al. 2010).

The orange line corresponds to the lag correlation coefficients between the total vegetation carbon and the annual fire season length (vegetation leads in the positive lags).

Decadal climate prediction of annual mean variations in total water storage (left), vegetation carbon (center), and fire season length (right panels) over the Northern US.

Decadal climate predictability of annual variations in total water storage (left), total vegetation carbon (center), and fire season length (right) in the North America for 1 (upper panels a — c), 2 — 5 (middle panels d — f), and 6 — 9 years lead time (bottom panels g — i).

For negative lags, the increased fire leads to reduction in the vegetation carbon.

Time series of total water storage (color in upper panels), fire season length (lines in upper and bottom panels), and total vegetation carbon (color in bottom panels) averaged over the Northern US and Southern US / Mexico regions in the pre-industrial control simulation.