Sentences with phrase «estimated warming»

We have temperature station measurements in 1940 to estimate the 1940 temperature, and data since then to estimate the warming trend.

To estimate warming over the entire 21st century, scientists have to make assumptions about what happens beyond the INDCs.

So when Mr. Romm says that «[t] he best estimate warming for 1,000 ppm of CO2eq is 5.5 °C,» this means that (1) such a concentration should eventually lead to such a temperature change, and (2) this temperature change is versus pre-industrial temperature, not versus today's temperature.

The best estimate warming for 1000 ppm of CO2eq is 5.5 °C and the best estimate for 1,200 ppm of CO2eq is 6.3 °C.

As far as which setting to use, a chart printed in the instruction booklet lists estimated warming time, although it is still recommended that you test the tempertaure of the milk before feeding.

Like Crowley, I find the magnitude of estimated warming during the early Holocene to be somewhat larger than I would have expected based on prior work and known forcings, and if that magnitude holds up to further scrutiny then it may offer an important insight into past climate dynamics.

Most experts agree that the HadCRUT record tends to under estimate warming because it excludes a large part of the Arctic from its measurement, and the Arctic is warming much faster than most parts of the globe.

Schurer and colleagues point out that using an observational record with global coverage and emulating the same global surface air temperatures as the models use would increase estimated warming to date and reduce the carbon budget noticeably.

One key finding is evidence that IPCC climate models used to estimate warming fail to include several important environmental variables and therefore routinely over-estimate results.

The exact amount of estimated warming depends upon which of the existing compilations of the data is used as a basis for the calculation, the method used to estimate global means on the basis of irregularly spaced station observations, and the way in which the data are smoothed in time.

Figure 1 Tipping points associated with various degrees of warming, and probability distribution around estimated warming already committed to (2.4 °C)

The standard usage attributes physical meaning to the feedbacks which may be incompatible with the one implied here i.e. a sum of unspecified fudge terms to be added (or subtracted from) the estimated warming.

Based on these sensitivities and observed climate trends, we estimate that warming since 1981 has resulted in annual combined losses of these three crops representing roughly 40 Mt or $ 5 billion per year, as of 2002.

At the same time we have had observable increase in solar contribution, probably accounting for about half the estimated warming of the Twentieth Century17.

Even if all of the estimated warming is real it still can not be solely attributed to increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide.

Accelerated warming during the late 1990s has raised the estimated warming to 0.40 — 0.8 °C in the past 100 years.

Using this estimate of climate sensitivity together with measurements of CO2 from 1970 to today, we can estimate the warming that has been locked in due to recent CO2 emissions.

You can see that this is slightly decreasing the estimated warming (from 0.89 °C to 0.85 °C) whilst at the same time increasing the time period over which it occurred (from 1901 - 2012 to 1880 - 2012)-- so a smaller and less rapid warming.

Estimates of the net cooling effect vary from a net -28 W / m ^ 2 to -18 W / m ^ 2 based on various studies, compared to an estimated warming effect of doubling CO2 of +1.66 W / m ^ 2

While we are hesitant to extrapolate from very short data series (always a dubious procedure) it is entirely plausible that reduction in low cloud over the period could conservatively be estimated to have increased heating at Earth's surface by 5 - 10 Wm - 2, an amount more than sufficient to account for all the estimated warming over the period.

The cloud of thin yellow lines represents the results of the individual models This experiment shows that the climate models are consistent with temperature trends over recent years only if the estimated warming induced by accumulations of CO2 and other greenhouse gases are included.