In addition, there is a
possibility of a selection bias in the comparison group as only about 1/3 of the approached mothers indicated their willingness to participate.
In addition, as I think has been mentioned already, the whole basis of taking a sample of twitter followers of 10 celebrities is a great
example of selection bias.
Given the small size of the effects for each individual student, even a slight
bit of selection bias could dramatically alter the estimated benefits of an individual teacher.
If you are in a zone of choice, they will have to apply to and attend a traditional public high school where the same
kind of selection bias would occur.
However, the potential
impact of selection bias on exposure and outcome variables was evaluated in a study that tested eight different exposure — outcome associations [32].
Second, there is no way in which a federally approved curriculum can avoid the
trap of selection bias — no matter who might design it.
But in any evaluation where there is
fear of selection bias, matched comparison designs are inferior to randomized control trials.
I have been more willing than most education reformers to acknowledge that some
degree of selection bias is inevitable in a system of choice.
The current rhetoric used in the public sphere about choice schools and student performance is not accounting for the
fallacy of selection bias.
In order to circumvent the issue
of selection bias in the case of mandatory retention policies like the one proposed for Michigan, recent studies have utilized a statistical approach that compares children who fall just above and just below the cutoff used to determine retention.
My cynical take is they excluded those categories because they'd overwhelm the others and highlight the
problem of selection bias for reported MMEs.
To account for the
issue of selection bias and the potentially unobserved parent characteristics as the possible reason choice students appear to perform better in my first comparison, I next also accounted for the parent - related variables.
My co-authors and I attempt to address this
question of selection bias in a recent paper titled «Why do we find ourselves around a yellow star instead of a red star?»
The danger is focusing on an idea that's too much of a personal hobby, they say, because there's too
much of a selection bias to make you think it's something important, or worth doing.
I think the authors will be pushed quite a bit during a peer review process to convince the reviewers that their estimates are not the
result of selection bias.»
Also, the participation rate in the present study was high (74 %) but the possibility
of selection bias remains, as the non-respondents had more often a lower socioeconomic status.
In one study, a protective effect of breast milk on blood pressure was observed when 26 percent of the original cohort were followed up at ages 13 — 16 years (15), but not when 81 percent were examined at ages 7.5 — 8 years (16), suggesting either the
possibility of selection bias in the later follow - up or an amplification of the breastfeeding — blood pressure association (49).
There's also a
bit of selection bias — I read the blurbs and didn't buy anything that sounded like it wasn't my cup of tea.
There is a huge
risk of selection bias in school voucher research, so while the Witte / Wolf study is useful, and used the best possible method given the limitations of the program as it was implemented, it is not the «best - designed» study of school vouchers.
Many of them have, of course, already practiced the easiest
form of the selection bias they decry by moving to the lofty suburbs of privilege, even as they fight to ensure poor black and Hispanic families do not have the same opportunity.
Virtual twin method — one way to minimize the
impact of selection bias The CREDO team at Stanford University came up with a method called «virtual twin» to try to make better comparisons.
My hypotheses going in to this study is that when first looking at choice schools on student achievement I would see a positive effect
because of selection bias; I expected that the students in choice schools would be systematically different from those in traditional public school due to parental factors that affected their selection of a choice program.
Randomization — another way to address the problem
of selection bias Using another method to mitigate the issue of selection bias, some researchers take advantage of the randomization inherent in a charter school lottery.
The authors also acknowledge the limitations of their conclusions given problems arising from differences in market risk and the possibility
of selection bias, a common problem also found when examining the performance of hedge funds.
• Benchmark indices comprised of Hedge funds have overstated returns because
of selection bias, survivorship bias, and backfilling bias.