"Civil religion" refers to a set of shared beliefs, symbols, rituals, and values that blend religious and patriotic elements. It is often used to describe a common faith or set of values held by a nation or society as a whole, functioning as a form of national or civic identity.
Full definition
It does not include all possible indications of the formative power
of civil religion in the values of a congregation.
In the search for this explanation we shall discover something more of the conditions
for civil religion.
The «way» that has succeeded
civil religion as shaping American public schools today is, therefore, capitalism.
It is the essence of
general civil religion that it is religion in general, If we ask what virtue and corruption meant to the founding fathers the answer is clear.
It is safe to say the the movement will be transformed into a
conservative civil religion leaning on political power to carry out its bidding.
It is our hope that the present comparative treatment will deepen the understanding of American
civil religion at the same time it opens up issues that can be explored in many other societies.
Only now the compulsive state religion, or at least our
new civil religion, is supposed to be progressive liberalism.
For one thing Japanese
civil religion seems to be subject to conscious manipulation at least as early as the sixth or seventh centuries.
Without question the most common method of accounting for an American
civil religion consists of tracing the history of the ideas that comprise it.
The text is employed to speak of national «revival,» defined in terms of
renewed civil religion and moral awakening.
For those who paid attention to the arguments, however, it conclusively exposed the incompatibility of American
civil religion with any kind of robust Christianity.
Because, according to Don Paolo, Christmas is now «a fairy tale from the nativity scene with lullabies and bagpipes, the exclusive support of a capitalist and consumerist economy, transforming the whole of Christianity
into civil religion.»
Mann's erstwhile Calvinism and his belief that education was to reform the world
became civil religion as it emerged in the schools, most of all in Mann's insistence upon public schools for all people.
A second false view is in degenerate modes of
civil religion which regard God as a patron and ally of Americanism in all its forms.
By civil religion I refer to that religious dimension, found I think in the life of every people, through which it interprets its historical experience in the light of transcendent reality.
It does seem, however, from Chapters 3 and 4, that we take the
differentiated civil religion as at least a hypothetical norm for modern society and seek to explain the conditions that may block its emergence in the case of such societies as Mexico and Italy.
In the opening pages of this chapter, I suggested that development of a Rousseau -
type civil religion depends upon the existence of independent organizational vehicles to «carry» it.
For McDougall, the Spanish - American war was the moment when the American
civil religion came into its own.
Presidential oratory provides much of the supporting evidence for McDougall's ideas
about civil religion, from President William McKinley's implication that the United States had not so much conquered Cubans as it had ministered to them («Are we not made better for the effort and sacrifice, and are not those we serve lifted up and blessed?»)
Other spokespersons for conservative
civil religion also connect Christian doctrines to American capitalism.
What was particularly distressing to me was the almost inveterate tendency in some quarters to identify what I
called civil religion with the idolatrous worship of the state.
James Wolfe has developed a typology of
civil religions linked to my typology of the stages of religious evolution.3 This chapter builds on these previous efforts to develop a comparative perspective.
A much fuller discussion of
Canadian civil religion or the lack thereof is contained in a doctoral dissertation on the subject currently in progress at the Graduate Theological Union in Berkeley, California, by William A. Stahl.
In some respects this absence of a religious flavor in the Mexican inauguration is puzzling because so much in Mexican history would augur a
robust civil religion.
The analysis of
modern civil religion gives evidence of one rather direct application of Durkheim's thesis — expecting in any society a reasonably close analogue to totemism.
McDougall calls it «a mystical, magical, shape -
shifting civil religion whose orthodoxies can turn into heresies and whose heresies can turn into new orthodoxies.»
Western Christianity, beginning with Constantine quickly became an organized
civil religion rather than the Jesus Movement revealed in the NT Scriptures.
While the exact application of the
term civil religion can be debated, the ubiquity of what can be called «the religio - political problem» can hardly be doubted.
But he scored in 1967 with a well - timed and now classic essay
on civil religion in America.
God is not on America's side; Christians who think so are seriously mistaken, for they
confuse civil religion with true Christianity.