Sentences with phrase «mode of variability»

Much of the inter-annual to decadal scale variability in surface air temperature (SAT) anomaly patterns and related ecosystem effects in the Arctic and elsewhere can be attributed to the superposition of leading modes of variability in the atmospheric circulation.

On this latter scale teleconnections manifest as a response of middle - latitude weather to the dominant modes of variability of the tropics (the Madden - Julian Oscillation and the Boreal Summer Intra-seasonal Oscillations, which similar to El Niño and La Niña characterize variations of climate but on shorter time scales).

Global mean temperature at the Earth's surface responds both to externally imposed forcings, such as those arising from anthropogenic greenhouse gases, as well as to natural modes of variability internal to the climate system.

And the AD has become the dominant mode of variability in the Arctic since 2003 replacing the AO (Zhang X).

As an intrinsic mode of variability of the large - scale atmospheric circulation, the NAO requires no external forcing for excitation (e.g., Hurrell and Deser 2009; Branstator and Selten 2009).

«This paper provides an update to an earlier work that showed specific changes in the aggregate time evolution of major Northern Hemispheric atmospheric and oceanic modes of variability serve as a harbinger of climate shifts.

Particular attention will be given to changes in naturally occurring modes of variability such as ENSO, the Arctic Oscillation (AO; and its more spatially restricted counterpart, the North Atlantic Oscillation, NAO) and the Antarctic Oscillation (AAO) etc..

In addition, climate models and observations suggest that there may be modes of variability which act on multi-decadal timescales, although understanding of such modes is currently limited3.

The principal mode of variability of the atmospheric circulation in the SH extratropics is now known as the SAM (see Figure 3.32).

I realize of course that this is conjecture, and other explanations such as e.g. stochastic behavior or modulation by other modes of variability are perhaps more likely to be correct.

Over the last century, no single forcing agent is clearer than anthropogenic greenhouse gases, yet zooming into years or decades, modes of variability become the signal, not the noise.

Regional modes of variability, such as the AMO, largely cancel out and make a very small contribution in the global mean SST changes.

Finally, the role of large - scale climate modes of variability for APDF magnitude and timing in the basin will be briefly discussed.

The strong relationship between eastern Australian winter - spring rainfall and tropical modes of variability such as the El Nià ± o - Southern Oscillation (ENSO) does not extend to the heavily populated coastal strip east of the Great Dividing Range in southeast Australia, where correlations...

«By having tree ring - based hydroclimate reconstructions for three northern hemisphere continents, we can now easily see these patterns and identify the responsible modes of variability.»

Wills, R.C., D.S. Battisti, D.L. Hartmann, and T. Schneider, 2017: Extracting Modes of Variability and Change from Climate Model Ensembles, Proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Climate Informatics: CI 2017, V. Lyubchich, N.C. Oza, A. Rhines, and E. Szekely, Eds., NCAR Technical Note NCAR / TN -536 + PROC, 25 - 28.

• Simulation of the main modes of variability in each of the main oceans (e.g. ENSO and PDO in the Pacific, thermohaline circulation (THC), meridional overturning circulation (MOC) and AMO in the Atlantic, and monsoons in the Indian Ocean) is essential.

It is this low - frequency portion of the record that contains information about an important multidecadal mode of variability that extends into the modern, industrial era.

Interpretation of the natural modes of variability from the paleoclimate record suffers from the same challenge as for the historical data set; the forced variability (e.g. solar, volcanic) must be removed.

The first is based on extrapolating seasonal and interannual changes based on precise knowledge of today's state of the atmosphere and ocean combined with an understanding of how the various modes of variability in the ocean might develop.

Item (a) seems quite possible; the challenge is with item (b) since it's very hard to imagine an ocean - driven mode of variability that would cool the stratosphere as much as it has cooled.

There is neither an El Niño sequence nor any Pacific Decadal Oscillation that replicates the recent past; yet these are critical modes of variability that affect Pacific rim countries and beyond.

The NAM (and its North Atlantic relation, the North Atlantic Oscillation) represents the leading mode of variability of sea level pressure in the Northern Hemisphere.

One key metric in this debate is the spatial pattern of cooling which may provide a «fingerprint» of the underlying climate change, whether that was externally forced (from solar or volcanic activity) or was part of an intrinsic mode of variability.

The leading mode explains 45 % of the SLP trend variance and resembles the NAO, reinforcing the notion that the NAO is not only a dominant mode of variability on interannual time scales, but also on multi-decadal time scales (Fig. 2a).

The influence of large - scale climate modes of variability (the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and the El Niño - Southern Oscillation (ENSO)-RRB- on APF magnitude is also assessed, and placed in context with these more localized controls.

In addition to regional climate change being strongly affected by natural modes of variability, geographic differences in climate change are related to the uneven spatial distribution of aerosols and tropospheric ozone.

Earth's history provides evidence of nonlinear switches in state or modes of variability of components of the climate system (6 ⇓ ⇓ ⇓ — 10).