Sentences with phrase «activity of genes»

For example, aggressive animals had increased activity of some genes for sensing dopamine.

The sex of the stem cells could also be significant, because activity of some genes varies between males and females.

A team from the Centre for Trophoblast Research, which this year celebrates its tenth anniversary, was able to grow the organoids in culture from cells derived from endometrial tissue and maintain the organoids in culture for several months, faithfully reproducing the genetic signature of the endometrium — in other words, the pattern of activity of genes in the lining of the uterus.

Within the duplicate regions, Carmona - Mora and her colleagues discovered many switches, known as enhancers, important for controlling activity of genes.

One of the most important advances in nutrition and nutrigenomics (also known as the impact of diet on activity of genes) has been the science of reversing heart disease with plant - based diets.

In the brain, cAMP acts as a molecular messenger, passing signals between proteins that regulate activity of genes responsible for memory formation.

This probably happens by the increase of glucose entry into cells through increased activity of genes known as glucose transporters.

At the core of this cell behavior is how the loss of that single gene changes activation levels of dozens of other genes, suppressing genes associated with metastatic disease and increasing activity of genes linked to normal tissue.

They suspected that the explanation may lie partly in a phenomenon called «imprinting» — differing activity of genes due to chemical modifications depending on whether they are inherited from the mother or the father.

In humans, a similar protein complex called CSN and its subunit CSN6 is now believed to be a cancer - causing gene that impacts activity of another gene (Myc) tied to tumor growth.

The researchers note that persistent absence of normal B cells following CTL019 treatment indicates continued activity of the gene - modified T cells, which are thought to provide long - term, vaccine - like activity preventing tumor recurrence.

SIRT1 (yellow ovals) may help mice live longer by fine - tuning activity of genes that control the body's sugar supply.

Carrying two copies of a single - letter change in the DNA of chromosome 16 led to a 35 per cent increase in activity of the gene GSPT1 ¬ in men with testicular cancer, compared with those without.

«While the precise reason why a tumor would change the behaviour of genes in this way is not known, it is likely that it represents a mechanism by which the cancer can subvert and takeover the normally well controlled activity of our genes.»

In the new study, published online March 27, 2018, in Cell Reports, a team led by UCSF's David Raleigh, MD, PhD, found that increased activity of a gene known as FOXM1 appears to be responsible for the aggressive growth and frequent recurrence of these tumors.

These changes, known as epigenetic modifications, control the activity of our genes without changing the actual DNA sequence.

Chemical modifications to DNA that change the activity of genes without changing the genes» information differ between homosexual and heterosexual men, researchers from UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine have discovered.

We have identified hundreds of genetic variations associated with autoimmune diseases that appear to affect the activity of genes in specific regions of the genome, pointing to biological pathways that may be involved in disease and which, ultimately, may be treatable with medication.»

Crucially, this molecule seems to damp down the activity of a gene involved in glutamate signalling in the brain.

Such relaxation techniques can boost the activity of genes involved in several processes beneficial to health, and they only take a few minutes each day to show results.

In the journal Cell on July 27, researchers show how this DNA variant enhances the activity of a gene called endothelin - 1 (EDN1), which is known to promote vasoconstriction and hardening of the arteries.

So Shaharyar Khan of Gencia Corporation in Charlottesville, Virginia, and colleagues wondered if boosting the activity of these genes might reverse decline.

Every genome contains many thousands of short bits of DNA called «enhancers,» whose role is to control the activity of genes.

McCaffrey and his colleagues were trying to shut down the activity of a gene in living mice, using a completely new type of drug.

Identical twins have the same DNA, but the activity of their genes isn't necessarily the same.

Prof. Khatri says the work still needs to be validated in a prospective trial, where the activity of these genes will be tested on samples from patients with suspected but undiagnosed malaria.

Its altered form moves to the nucleus, where it increases the activity of a gene involved in metastasis (The Journal of Clinical Investigation, DOI: 10.1172 / JCI40433).

The activity of genes involved in cholesterol production in the hypothalamus — an area involved in the brain's energy maintenance — was reduced by 25 per cent in both groups of diabetic mice.

When researchers analyzed bacterial effects on genes that regulate the activity of cytokines — signaling molecules responsible for inducing inflammation in response to infection, cancer and other diseases — they once again observed the same balancing dynamic at play: Some bacteria boosted the activity of these genes while others turned it down.

While such adaptations do not affect the DNA itself, a hidden layer of regulation controlling the activity of genes — epigenetic signals — is responsible for whether cancer cells survive or not, despite the drug a patient is taking.

The international research team — led by the University of Adelaide and including members from the University of Michigan, Vancouver Prostate Centre, the Mayo Clinic and Johns Hopkins University — showed that a specific microRNA (a type of molecule involved in regulating the level and activity of genes) called miR - 194 promotes cancer metastasis by inhibiting a key protein called SOCS2.

It shows how hidden, subtle layers of regulation — epigenetics — control the activity of genes to produce drug - resistant surviving cells.

Rather than search for changes in genes themselves, Pipes and her colleagues took an indirect approach, looking for differences in the activity of genes in the foxes» brains.

The results, which focus on two choices near the start of embryo formation, show that, when cells are making decisions about what to become, there is greater variation in the activity of the genes in different cells — the same genes may be turned on in some cells and off in others.

That RNA, known as an interfering RNA (RNAi), was designed to knock down the activity of a gene called COR, which works late in the biosynthesis pathway to convert precursors to codeine and morphine.

Berninger and others have previously shown that Sox2, Ascl1, and other transcription factors — proteins that bind to specific DNA sequences to control the activity of genes — can induce the nonneuronal «support cells» known as glia to turn into neurons.

Later in life the genetic material can be changed by epigenetic modifications, i.e. chemical alterations of the DNA the affect the activity of the genes.

And the switches can either increase or decrease the activity of the genes they regulate.

Significantly, treatment with 6AN specifically decreased the activity of genes with malignant, cancer - spreading functions, like cell cycle control and DNA repair.

The work and later experiments supported a 2009 idea proposed by Marcucio that the activity of another gene, SHH (called sonic hedgehog), was critical for forming the beak.

The investigators confirmed the activity of genes at the newly identified loci by probing discarded corneal tissue from deceased individuals with and without Fuchs.

The patented ELM - seq method relies on indirectly measuring the activity of a gene encoding a protein that adds a specific chemical «tag» on to DNA.

The term «epigenetics» refers to a vast array of molecular mechanisms that affect the activity of genes.

The scientists found that both the activity of the genes, as well as the production of the cholera toxin itself were increased when the bacterium was fed with glucose, but they were considerably decreased when it was fed with starch from rice.

Blocking the activity of the gene via RNA interference reduces cancer cells» growth, while overexpressing it in normal cells increases their growth.

The team treated thousands of worms with either water or mianserin and looked at the activity of genes as the worms aged.