"Temperature projections" refers to the predicted or estimated changes in temperature that are expected to occur in the future.
Full definition
The graph immediately below compares the linear - trend
temperature projections of 73 climate models with the linear trend of observed temperatures for the bulk tropical atmosphere during 1979 - 2012.
The results showed that global temperatures would actually go up by less than 1 degree Celsius over the next 40 years, followed by a decline relative to
current temperature projections.
My question that I still only have a fuzzy yes / maybe / no answer to is about how actual measured temperature compares to the published FAR
temperature projections in Fig6.11.
Original caption (edits show information for bottom row): Fossil CO2, CH4 and SO2 emissions for six illustrative SRES non-mitigation emission scenarios... and global mean
temperature projections based on an SCM tuned to 19 AOGCMs.
The main cause of the spread in the widely quoted 1.5 to 5.8 C range of
temperature projections for 2100 in IPCC is actually the different scenarios used.
Various global
temperature projections by mainstream climate scientists and models, and by climate contrarians, compared to observations by NASA GISS.
By combining regional
temperature projections with detailed maps of the underlying topography, then adding in the physics of ice flow, the authors project not only that the glaciers of Western Canada will lose at least 70 percent of their volume by 2100 — a number more or less in keeping with current projections — but show exactly how every individual glacier will shrink.
It's important to understand why models can produce such good agreement in light of the large uncertainties in radiative forcing and climate sensitivity, and how all the models which produce similar 20th century trends can disagree by a factor of two or three in 21st
century temperature projections.
Just last month, Soon co-authored a paper claiming to debunk decades of science using a «simple» model of long
term temperature projections.
The model accounts for the dynamic feedbacks that occur naturally in the Earth's climate system —
temperature projections determine the likelihood of extreme weather events, which in turn influence human behavior.
A paper published in Nature Climate Change, Frame and Stone (2012), sought to evaluate the
FAR temperature projection accuracy by using a simple climate model to simulate the warming from 1990 through 2010 based on observed GHG and other global heat imbalance changes.
The paper then compares the global surface temperature data (with these three influences both included and removed) to the envelope of climate
model temperature projections in both the 2001 and 2007 IPCC reports (Figure 2).
Despite recent less - intense warming and the fact that
past temperature projections were not intended to predict warming over short time spans, the IPCC reported that «the observations through 2012 generally fall within the projections made in all past assessments.»
To make mortality estimates, the researchers
took temperature projections from 16 global climate models, downscaled these to Manhattan, and put them against two different backdrops: one assuming rapid global population growth and few efforts to limit emissions; the other, assuming slower growth, and technological changes that would decrease emissions by 2040.
Are Hansen's
modest temperature projections due to the continuation of economic and physical forces in play from 1980 to the present or due to some new set of regulations (e.g. Kyoto)?
On the other hand, Easterbrook's two
temperature projections showed a 0.2 °C and 0.5 °C cooling over this period, while the IPCC TAR Scenario A2 projection showed a 0.2 °C warming (Figure 6).
Thus Figure 1 depicts the IPCC TAR Scenario
A2 temperature projection based on a simple climate model which was tuned to the seven Atmosphere - Ocean General Circulation Models (AOCGMs).
Figure 3: IPCC FAR BAU global surface
temperature projection adjusted to reflect observed GHG radiative forcings 1990 - 2011 (blue) vs. observed surface temperature changes (average of NASA GISS, NOAA NCDC, and HadCRUT4; red) for 1990 through 2012.
One NASA climatologist pointed out that nobody — including Spencer — knows what causes the mismatch
between temperature projections and satellite - based climate data.