Sentences with phrase «gene copy»

The nuclear pores thus create an environment conducive to the efficient production of gene copies.

Then, while the pre-existing genes kept the species viable, the extra gene copies could evolve new functions, thus speeding evolutionary change.

CRISPR disabled the mutant gene copy in around 10 per cent of cells.

Quantitative PCR analysis of 16S rRNA gene copy numbers.

It is found in about 1 in 2,000 people, and occurs when an individual inherits a defective gene copy from both parents.

Warnings should also appear on foods containing genes copied from animals considered sacred in some religions.

This mutated gene copy was also duplicated in the cancer genome, resulting in elevated expression.

In particular, they examined what happens during gene expression — when genes copy data from DNA to RNA in order to create proteins.

They made these clones by a process called automatic parthenogenesis: The egg is formed normally (with half the species» usual number of chromosomes), then fertilized by the «polar body,» a cell that is created during oogenesis and contains the same gene copies as the egg, resulting in the shark having half the genetic variation of its mother.

In this cycle, new gene copies often arise by gene duplication, with the copies persisting or adapting into new roles within the genome for varying lengths of time, or dying off and being lost randomly.

Delaney and team wondered if this were true if several single gene copies that cooperated for the same cellular function were lost, and what the patterns might be in different cancers.

She harbors two mutant copies of a gene, and therefore lacks a protein that manages blood clotting, but researchers found that people with one inactivated gene copy outlive their peers by a decade and gain protection against diabetes.

While MDA has become the preferred amplification method for projects seeking single - nucleotide variations, labs looking for gene copy number variations often prefer a method called «multiple annealing and looping - based amplification cycles» (MALBAC).

If the active copy is mutated, then disease results, even though the silenced gene copy may be normal.

High rates of marriage between closely related people there make it more likely that people will inherit two nonfunctional gene copies.

While the increase in EPSPS gene copies has created a nonsustainable way of controlling kochia with glyphosate - only programs, Jugulam said this resistance was evolved as the result of continuous use of glyphosate and the lack of herbicide diversity in controlling this weed.

When Anderson and colleagues compared the brains of the mice engineered to model autism to those of normal — or wild type (WT)-- mice, they observed that the increased UBE3A gene copies interacted with nearly 600 other genes.

Publishing in the July 17 advance online issue of Nature, the team led by Stowers Investigator Linheng Li, Ph.D., reports that genomic imprinting, a process that specifically shuts down one of the two gene copies found in each mammalian cell, prevents the reservists from being called up prematurely.

The researchers comprehensively analyzed 254 TCGA lower - grade gliomas for gene, protein and micro RNA expression, DNA methylation and gene copy profiles to cluster cases by category.

In cases where a tumor had not doubled the mutated KRAS gene copy, the researchers discovered duplications in other cancer genes.

That let Cas9 hit the bad gene copy, and fade away before it could harm the good one, says Liu, the Richard Merkin Professor and Vice-Chair of the Faculty at the Broad Institute, and Professor of Chemistry and Chemical Biology at Harvard University.

The TGen team performed deep genomic profiling, integrating gene copy number, gene expression and DNA methylation datasets on a collection of 35 breast - brain metastases samples.

In this study, researchers assessed the outcomes of 280 prostate cancer (Cap) patients, and reviewed the DNA «fingerprints» of each patient's tumor (using the patient's initial diagnostic core biopsy) to determine if gene copy number alterations (CNAs), or breaks in CFSs, were related to a less positive response to treatment.

Greenwold, graduate student Weier Bao and Sawyer analyzed the avian genomes and published an accompanying paper in BMC Evolutionary Biology that shows correlations between the number of beta - keratin gene copies and the birds» lifestyles.

... When dopaminergic input comes in, [individuals with the SNPs on one gene copy] would have a chance of having more transmission» than those with two normal copies of the gene.

In work reported in the 24 January issue of Cell, the team found that at least one of the two BDNF gene copies carries this variation in about 18 % of the 600 people they studied.

The study for the first time estimates the minimum number of locations in the human genome — 250 to 300 — where gene copy number variation (CNV) can give rise to autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

As the authors note, «the presence of duplicated and diverged genomic regions probably promotes functional novelty between resulting gene copies, following positive selection.»

Trisomy 21 means that there are three copies of chromosome 21, and while not included in the CNV classification, it demonstrates the effects that can occur when additional gene copies are present on a massive scale.

In worms with defective SMN gene copies, the researchers observed several signs of degraded endocytosis and poor synapse structure, compared to worms with normal genes.

We quantified total 16S rRNA gene copies using quantitative PCR and found that placental samples and negative controls contained low and indistinguishable copy numbers.

16S rRNA gene copies per reaction were quantified in the six study subjects using (a) PSP extraction method and (b) MO BIO extraction method.

About 90 % of solid tumors display whole - chromosome aneuploidy, while many tumors with diploid karyotypes nonetheless harbor segmental or arm - length aneuploidies that also result in significant gene copy number alterations.

Interestingly, they also identified another ancient vertebrate gene copy, which they named PDE6I, and has been lost in amniotes.

Team finds that some cells activate only one of their two gene copies during development, altering protein yields and raising new questions...

And individuals who also had the protective SHBG gene copy seemed to benefit more from the consumption of coffee.

One Merle gene copy is dominant over the non-Merle gene in that just one copy (Mm) will produce dilution of the coat and potentially different colored eyes, which is considered desirable in many breeds.

«It therefore appears that the cell amplifies the growth signal due to the presence of extra gene copies.

They found carriers of the defective gene copy of the AATD gene have important enhanced respiratory capacity of about 10 %.

This was in part because, after CRISPR - Cas9 mediated enzymatic cutting of the mutated gene copy, the embryo initiated its own repairs.

For both purification methods, we conclude that placental and control samples showed low and indistinguishable numbers of 16S rRNA gene copies.

In 2008, Wigler proposed that such cases, characterized by changes in gene copy number — duplicated or deleted genome segments that leave an individual with extra or missing copies of one or more genes — likely account for at least half of ASD cases.

This area has not been explored in depth, since experience with other diseases has taught scientists that the loss of one gene copy might not lead to disease symptoms because the second copy provided by the other parent fills in.

«Invasive weed Kochia's resistance to well - known herbicide stems from increase in gene copies.»

The specific mutations that the researchers observed are «dominant negative» mutations, meaning, when present on even one copy of P53, they are able to compromise the function of the normal protein, whose components are made from both gene copies.

Center for Elephant Conservation to test whether the extra gene copies may protect elephants from cancer.